Install the package (on Debian-based)

apt install libimage-exiftool-perl

We can now remove the metadata

# syntax
exiftool -all=[VALUE] [AFILEORFILES]
 
# example:
exiftool -all= *.jpg

This operation also changes file modification time, if you want to recover the modification time of files you can do it with a simple find/sed command

find . -type f -iname '*_original' -exec bash -c 'TGT=$(echo {}|sed "s/_original\$//"); touch -r {} "$TGT"' \;